Tuesday, August 31, 2021

Amphibians and Reptiles from Volume 1 (1789-1790) of Shaw and Nodders' The Naturalist's Miscellany


The Naturalist's Miscellany: Or, Coloured Figures of Natural Objects; Drawn and Described Immediately From Nature
was published in 24 volumes between 1789–1813. It was authored by George Shaw and the text is in both Latin and English. The illustrations were done by artists and engravers Frederick Polydore Nodder and Richard Polydore Nodder. The publisher was Elizabeth R. Nodder. The information below is edited from Wikipedia

George K. Shaw (to the left) was born at Bierton, Buckinghamshire, and was educated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, receiving his M.A. in 1772. He took up the profession of medical practitioner. In 1786 he became the assistant lecturer in botany at the University of Oxford. He was a co-founder of the Linnean Society in 1788, and became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1789. In 1791 Shaw became assistant keeper of the natural history department at the British Museum, succeeding Edward Whitaker Gray as keeper in 1806. He found that most of the items donated to the museum by Hans Sloane were in very bad condition. Medical and anatomical material was sent to the museum at the Royal College of Surgeons, but many of the stuffed animals and birds had deteriorated and had to be burnt. He was succeeded after his death by his assistant Charles Konig.

In 1794 Shaw published "Zoology of New Holland," one of the first English descriptions Australian animals. He was among the first scientists to examine a platypus and published the first scientific description of it in The Naturalist's Miscellany in 1799. In the field of herpetology he described numerous new species of reptiles and amphibians.

Elizabeth Nodder was a 19th Century publisher of the illustrated The Naturalist's Miscellany. However, she is listed in the database of Scientific Illustrators as an artist. She and her husband, Frederick Polydore Nodder collaborated in the publishing of this work, until his death circa 1800, when she continued to publish further volumes in the series, with Richard Polydore Nodder (their son) as illustrator. 

The first reptile illustrated in Volume 1 was the "Painted Snake"


Today it is known as the Neotropical Pipe Snake, Anilius scytale (Linnaeus, 1758) a fossorial, semi-aquatic snake widespread in northern South America. 







Tuesday, August 24, 2021

10. Water Monitors from Brehms Tierleben

 


The Asian Water Monitor (Varanus salvator) is a large varanid lizard native to South and Southeast Asia. It ranges from Sri Lanka and coastal northeast India to Indochina, Malay Peninsula, and Indonesian islands where it lives close to water. It was described by Laurenti in 1768 and is one of the largest squamates in the world. In this print is is depicted as a nest predator, but it is a generalized scavenger and predator. 

Tuesday, August 17, 2021

8. Nile Crocodile, from Brehms Tierleben

 


The Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) is the largest African Crocodile, and the second largest crocodile alive today. It is native to freshwater habitats in Afric. Due to its widespread occurrence and stable population, it has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 1996. It is widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa, occurring mostly in the central, eastern, and southern regions of the continent, and lives in different types of aquatic environments such as lakes, rivers, swamps, and marshlands. Although capable of living in saline environments, this species is rarely found in saltwater, but occasionally inhabits deltas and brackish lakes. The range of this species once stretched northward throughout the Nile, as far north as the Nile delta. 

Tuesday, August 10, 2021

9. The gliding snake from Brehms Tierleben

 

The gliding snake, Chrysopelea paradisi Boie, 1827 is widespread in southeast Asia, present in Thailand, Indonesia; Brunei Darussalam; India (Andaman Islands); Malaysia; Myanmar; Philippines; Singapore.

Tuesday, August 3, 2021

5. Brehms Tierleben. Horned Frogs, Ceratophrys

 


Ceratophrys (family Ceratophryidae) are also known as South American horned frogs and in the pet trade as well as Pacman frogs due to their characteristic round shape and large mouth, reminiscent of the video game character Pac-Man. They are voracious predators, often eating whatever they can swallow. These frogs are also known to be cannibalistic, and have been known to eat their mates, even if they are larger than they are. They have a very sticky tongue which they use to catch prey and pull it into their jaws. Large individuals have bite forces comparable to those of mammalian predators.


Lappin, A. K.; Wilcox, S.C.; Moriarty D. J.; Stoeppler A. R.; Evans, S. E.; Jones, M.E.H. (2017). "Bite force in the horned frog (Ceratophrys cranwelli) with implications for extinct giant frogs". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 11963. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-11968-6. PMC 5607344. PMID 28931936.